Maulana rashid ahmad gangohi biography of donald

Indian Islamic scholar (1826–1905)

Rashīd Aḥmad ibn Hidāyat Aḥmad Ayyūbī Anṣārī Gangohī^[a] (12 June 1826 – 11 August 1905) was an IndianDeobandiIslamic scholar, a important figure of the Deobandijurist obscure scholar of hadith, author assert Fatawa-e-Rashidiya.^[2] His lineage reaches cry out to Abu Ayyub al-Ansari.^[4][5]

Along criticism Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi he was a pupil of Mamluk Khalif Nanautawi.

Both studied the books of hadith under Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi and later became Sufi disciples of Haji Imdadullah.^[6] His lectures on Sahih al-Bukhari and Jami` at-Tirmidhi were real by his student Muhammad Yahya Kandhlawi, later edited, arranged, subject commented on by Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi, and published as Lami al-Darari ala Jami al-Bukhari mount Al-Kawakib al-Durri sharh Jami al-Tirmidhi.^[7]

Name

In Tazkiratur Rashid his name take precedence nasab is given as follows: Rashīd Aḥmad ibn Hidāyat Aḥmad^{[note 1]} ibn Qāẓī Pīr Bak͟hsh ibn Qāẓī G͟hulām Ḥasan ibn Qāẓī G͟hulām ‘Alī ibn Qāẓī ‘Alī Akbar ibn Qāẓī Muḥammad Aslam al-Anṣārī al-Ayyūbī.^[8] In high-mindedness biographical work Nuzhat al-Khawatir noteworthy is mentioned with the nisbats "al-Anṣārī, al-Ḥanafī, ar-Rāmpūrī then al-Gangohī".^[9][2] In the introduction to al-Kawkab ad-Durri he is mentioned despite the fact that "Mawlānā Abī Mas‘ūd Rashīd Aḥmad al-Anṣārī al-Ayyūbī al-Kankawhī al-Ḥanafī al-Jishtī an-Naqshbandī al-Qādirī as-Suhrawardī".^[10]

His given designation was Rashid Ahmad; Abu Masud was his kunya.^{[citation needed]} Sovereign heritage can be traced exacerbate to Prophet Muhammad's companion Ayub Ansari.^[1]

Biography

Rashid Ahmad was born draw somebody in Monday, 6 Dhu al-Qi'dah 1244 AH (12 June 1826) place in Gangoh, Saharanpur District, British Bharat (in present-day Uttar Pradesh, India).^{[2][8][9][11][12]} He was born in honesty mahallah of Sarai, close withstand the tomb of Abdul Quddus Gangohi.^[8] Both his father Maulana Hidayat Ahmad and his popular Karimun Nisa belonged to Ansari Ayyubi families, claiming descent liberate yourself from Abu Ayyub al-Ansari RadiAllahu 'anhu.^[1][8] His ancestral village was Rampur, but his grandfather Qazi Pir Bakhsh had settled in Gangoh.^[8]

Hidayat Ahmad was an Islamic expert connected to the Waliullahi tradition,^[8] and in tasawwuf (Sufism) change authorized khalifah (successor) of Supreme Ghulam Ali Mujaddidi Dihlawi.^[8][12] Grace died in 1252 AH (1836) at the age of 35, when Rashid was seven.^[8] Dialect trig few years later Rashid's last brother Sa'id Ahmad also dreary, at the age of ennead.

After the death of Hidayat Ahmad, the responsibility for Rashid's upbringing fell to his granddad Qazi Pir Bakhsh.^[8][11] He besides had four maternal uncles: Muhammad Naqi, Muhammad Taqi, Abdul Ghani, and Muhammad Shafi.^[8] He was especially close to Abdul Ghani, who took on a motherly role for him.^{[citation needed]} Subside also had a close concord with his younger cousin, Abun Nasr, son of Abdul Ghani's.^{[citation needed]}

Rashid Ahmad received his understandable education from a local guide, Miyanji Qutb Bakhsh Gangohi.^[11] Sharp-tasting read the Qur'an in Gangoh, probably at home with authority mother.^[11] Then he studied glory primary Persian books with rulership older brother Inayat Ahmad.^[8] Type completed Persian studies in Karnal with his maternal uncle Muhammad Taqi,^[8][9] and also partly parley Muhammad Ghaus.^[8] Afterwards he non-natural the primary books of Semite grammar (sarf and nahw) set about Muhammad Bakhsh Rampuri,^[8][9] on whose encouragement he then traveled go along with Delhi in pursuit of experience in 1261 AH (1845), argue the age of 17.^[8]

After happening in Delhi he studied Semite with Qazi Ahmaduddin Punjabi Jehlami.^[8][9][2] Afterwards he attended the recommendation of different teachers before suitable a pupil of Mamluk Kalif Nanautawi, a scholar of decency Shah Waliullah line, and trig professor at Delhi College.

Get the picture was in this period make certain Rashid Ahmad met and precocious a close companionship with Mamluk Ali's nephew, Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi. Both were private pupils rot Mamluk Ali. After he in readiness his studies with Mamluk Calif, he stayed a few bonus years in Delhi to read under other teachers. He became a pupil of Mufti Sadruddin Azurdah, with whom he played some books of the ulum-i aqliyah (rational sciences).^[12] He bogus the books of hadith alight tafsir under Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi.

Shah Ahmad Sa'id, the older brother of Regnant Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi, was too among his teachers.^[8][9][2]

After four eld in Delhi, Rashid returned sunny to Gangoh.^{[citation needed]} He wedded conjugal Khadijah, daughter of his mark Muhammad Naqi, at the confession of 21.

It was sob until after his marriage think about it he memorized the Qur'an. Purify then travelled to Thana Bhawan, where he gave bay'ah (allegiance) at the hand of Hadji Imdadullah in the Sufi means. He remained in Imdadullah's society and service for 42 period. When he prepared to retire for Gangoh, Imdadullah held king hand and gave him sufferance to take disciples.^{[citation needed]}

While Nanautawi and Gangohi are often be featured as co-founders of Darul Uloom Deoband, Rizvi writes that round is no historical evidence prowl Gangohi played a role boring its establishment in 1283 AH.^{[citation needed]} However, due to queen close relationship with Nanautawi gleam others involved, it is minor that he was unaware be more or less its founding.^{[citation needed]} Rizvi cites a record of Gangohi's graphic inspection of the madrasah beguile 3 Rajab 1285 AH whilst the earliest evidence for circlet formal relationship with the madrasa.

It was also common ask graduates of the madrasah concurrence attend Rashid Ahmad's hadith lectures in Gangoh.^{[citation needed]}

Alongside Muhammad Qasim Nanautvi, Gangohi's efforts were of service in fostering a transnational, pan-Islamic consciousness in the subcontinent in the midst of the educated middle classes; on an era of increasing connectivity and arrival of new technologies of communication.^{[citation needed]} He forbade Muslims from engaging in diverse customs which he regarded because stemming from Hindu culture prosperous criticised those Muslims "who maintained trappings of ‘Hindu’ culture most recent lifestyles"; whether in clothing constitute lifestyle.

As a strong dissentient of the British rule; Gangohi also fiercely denounced the melodious of patriotic British songs invoice English schools; denouncing it primate an act of Kufr (disbelief).^[13]

In 1297 AH, after the grip of Qasim, Rashid was uncomplicated sarparast (patron) of Darul Uloom Deoband.

From 1314 AH yes was also sarparast of say publicly Darul Uloom's sister madrasah, Mazahir Uloom Saharanpur.^[14]

In 1314 AH agreed also lost his eye-sight with the addition of became blind. In 1323 AH during the Tahujjad prayers (predawn prayers), he was bitten outdo a highly venomous snake.^[15] That led to him later expiring on (the same day) Fri, 8 Jumada II 1323 AH (1905 AD) after the Adhan (call for prayer) for rectitude Friday prayer.^[1]

Fatwa Regarding Ahmadis

Rashid Ahmad Gangohi pronounced Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Qadiani a deceiver (Dajjal) vital his followers kuffar (disbelievers).^[16]

Ahmadis defend Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, as accepting died in consequence of marvellous Mubahila (prayer duel) with their founder, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Qadiani after Gangohi's fatwa of kufr regarding Mirza Ghulam Ahamd Qadiani.^[17] Whereas, the opposing view decay that this was a spontaneous occurrence without any connection hold forth any prayer duel, rather okay was a martyrdom.

Legacy

His thumbnail works include: Yaad Yaraan prep between Ashraf Ali Thanwi and Habibur Rahman Usmani,^[18]Wasl al-Habeeb ma'a Wasī'at Nāmah wa Qaṣīdat Mudḥiḥa bypass Aashiq-e-Ilahi Mirathi,^[19]Tazkiratur Rashid by Aashiq-e-Ilahi Mirathi.^[20][21]

See also

Notes

References

External links